The AFM does not output air
flow rates. It is more basic than that. The AFM output is linear in the
rage of 0 to 5.0 Volts. It indicates the angular flapper position inside
the AFM. Fully closed - 0.0 Volts. A quarter open - 1.25 Volts. Half open - 2.5 Volts.
Fully open - 5.0 Volts. You get the idea.
The 5 Volt output is divided into 8 equal sized sections or
banks. Each bank is 0.625 Volts wide. The AFM Transfer Function consists of
three tables, AFM1, AFM2, and AFM3. AFM1 and AFM2 each have a single data value
in each bank. Table AFM3 is a gradually increasing curve of 32 data point and is
used in all 8 banks.

|
AFM1 B2 A3 95 89 FB E6 D3 C2
AFM2 01 02 03 04 04 05 06 07
AFM3
81 84 86 89 8B 8E 91 94 96 99 9C 9F A2 A5 A9 AC AF B2 B6 B9 BD C0 C4 C8 CC D0 D4 D8 DC E0 E4 E9
|
AFM Transfer Function #1, Bank Magnitude
AFM Transfer Function #2, Bank Exponent (8-bit two's Compliment)
AFM Transfer Function #3, Curve |
 |
|
Here, the three curves are plotted separately |
Combined and plotted, the output looks like this |
 |
 |
|
These three tables |
|
Converts
to this... |
| |
AFM1 |
AFM2 |
AFM3 |
|
Bank0 |
Bank1 |
Bank2 |
Bank3 |
Bank4 |
Bank5 |
Bank6 |
Bank7 |
| Bank0 |
B2 |
1 |
81 |
|
45924 |
84108 |
153768 |
282768 |
518064 |
949440 |
1742016 |
3203328 |
| Bank1 |
A3 |
2 |
84 |
|
46992 |
86064 |
157344 |
289344 |
530112 |
971520 |
1782528 |
3277824 |
| Bank2 |
95 |
3 |
86 |
|
47704 |
87368 |
159728 |
293728 |
538144 |
986240 |
1809536 |
3327488 |
| Bank3 |
89 |
4 |
89 |
|
48772 |
89324 |
163304 |
300304 |
550192 |
1008320 |
1850048 |
3401984 |
| Bank4 |
FB |
4 |
8B |
|
49484 |
90628 |
165688 |
304688 |
558224 |
1023040 |
1877056 |
3451648 |
| Bank5 |
E6 |
5 |
8E |
|
50552 |
92584 |
169264 |
311264 |
570272 |
1045120 |
1917568 |
3526144 |
| Bank6 |
D3 |
6 |
91 |
|
51620 |
94540 |
172840 |
317840 |
582320 |
1067200 |
1958080 |
3600640 |
| Bank7 |
C2 |
7 |
94 |
|
52688 |
96496 |
176416 |
324416 |
594368 |
1089280 |
1998592 |
3675136 |
| |
|
|
96 |
|
53400 |
97800 |
178800 |
328800 |
602400 |
1104000 |
2025600 |
3724800 |
| |
|
|
99 |
|
54468 |
99756 |
182376 |
335376 |
614448 |
1126080 |
2066112 |
3799296 |
| |
|
|
9C |
|
55536 |
101712 |
185952 |
341952 |
626496 |
1148160 |
2106624 |
3873792 |
| |
|
|
9F |
|
56604 |
103668 |
189528 |
348528 |
638544 |
1170240 |
2147136 |
3948288 |
| |
|
|
A2 |
|
57672 |
105624 |
193104 |
355104 |
650592 |
1192320 |
2187648 |
4022784 |
| |
|
|
A5 |
|
58740 |
107580 |
196680 |
361680 |
662640 |
1214400 |
2228160 |
4097280 |
| |
|
|
A9 |
|
60164 |
110188 |
201448 |
370448 |
678704 |
1243840 |
2282176 |
4196608 |
| |
|
|
AC |
|
61232 |
112144 |
205024 |
377024 |
690752 |
1265920 |
2322688 |
4271104 |
| |
|
|
AF |
|
62300 |
114100 |
208600 |
383600 |
702800 |
1288000 |
2363200 |
4345600 |
| |
|
|
B2 |
|
63368 |
116056 |
212176 |
390176 |
714848 |
1310080 |
2403712 |
4420096 |
| |
|
|
B6 |
|
64792 |
118664 |
216944 |
398944 |
730912 |
1339520 |
2457728 |
4519424 |
| |
|
|
B9 |
|
65860 |
120620 |
220520 |
405520 |
742960 |
1361600 |
2498240 |
4593920 |
| |
|
|
BD |
|
67284 |
123228 |
225288 |
414288 |
759024 |
1391040 |
2552256 |
4693248 |
| |
|
|
C0 |
|
68352 |
125184 |
228864 |
420864 |
771072 |
1413120 |
2592768 |
4767744 |
| |
|
|
C4 |
|
69776 |
127792 |
233632 |
429632 |
787136 |
1442560 |
2646784 |
4867072 |
| |
|
|
C8 |
|
71200 |
130400 |
238400 |
438400 |
803200 |
1472000 |
2700800 |
4966400 |
| |
|
|
CC |
|
72624 |
133008 |
243168 |
447168 |
819264 |
1501440 |
2754816 |
5065728 |
| |
|
|
D0 |
|
74048 |
135616 |
247936 |
455936 |
835328 |
1530880 |
2808832 |
5165056 |
| |
|
|
D4 |
|
75472 |
138224 |
252704 |
464704 |
851392 |
1560320 |
2862848 |
5264384 |
| |
|
|
D8 |
|
76896 |
140832 |
257472 |
473472 |
867456 |
1589760 |
2916864 |
5363712 |
| |
|
|
DC |
|
78320 |
143440 |
262240 |
482240 |
883520 |
1619200 |
2970880 |
5463040 |
| |
|
|
E0 |
|
79744 |
146048 |
267008 |
491008 |
899584 |
1648640 |
3024896 |
5562368 |
| |
|
|
E4 |
|
81168 |
148656 |
271776 |
499776 |
915648 |
1678080 |
3078912 |
5661696 |
| |
|
|
E9 |
|
82948 |
151916 |
277736 |
510736 |
935728 |
1714880 |
3146432 |
5785856 |
|
The AFM Transfer Function of five different vehicle
types are plotted in this example |
 |

This example is from a 1984 Porsche 911, BOSCH ML3.1 ECU. It
is the first
appearance of this transfer function used in Motronic AFMs. In the ML3.1, EPROMs where small
and as for unused space, there was none. Data compression was a priority.
The three tables, totaling 48 bytes, produces flow rate data that
would take 256 x 3 bytes of memory storage space.
| AFM1 |
AFM2 |
AFM3 |
|
No. |
Results
|
Hex
Equivalent |
| B2 |
1 |
81 |
|
0 |
45924 |
00B364h |
| A3 |
2 |
84 |
|
1 |
46992 |
00B790h |
| 95 |
3 |
86 |
|
2 |
47704 |
00BA58h |
| 89 |
4 |
89 |
|
3 |
48772 |
00BE84h |
| FB |
4 |
8B |
|
4 |
49484 |
00C14Ch |
| E6 |
5 |
8E |
|
5 |
50552 |
00C578h |
| D3 |
6 |
91 |
|
6 |
51620 |
00C9A4h |
| C2 |
7 |
94 |
|
7 |
52688 |
00CDD0h |
| |
|
96 |
|
8 |
53400 |
00D098h |
| |
|
99 |
|
9 |
54468 |
00D4C4h |
| |
|
9C |
|
10 |
55536 |
00D8F0h |
| |
|
9F |
|
11 |
56604 |
00DD1Ch |
| |
|
A2 |
|
12 |
57672 |
00E148h |
| |
|
A5 |
|
13 |
58740 |
00E574h |
| |
|
A9 |
|
14 |
60164 |
00EB04h |
| |
|
AC |
|
15 |
61232 |
00EF30h |
| |
|
AF |
|
16 |
62300 |
00F35Ch |
| |
|
B2 |
|
17 |
63368 |
00F788h |
| |
|
B6 |
|
18 |
64792 |
00FD18h |
| |
|
B9 |
|
19 |
65860 |
010144h |
| |
|
BD |
|
20 |
67284 |
0106D4h |
| |
|
C0 |
|
21 |
68352 |
010B00h |
| |
|
C4 |
|
22 |
69776 |
011090h |
| |
|
C8 |
|
23 |
71200 |
011620h |
| |
|
CC |
|
24 |
72624 |
011BB0h |
| |
|
D0 |
|
25 |
74048 |
012140h |
| |
|
D4 |
|
26 |
75472 |
0126D0h |
| |
|
D8 |
|
27 |
76896 |
012C60h |
| |
|
DC |
|
28 |
78320 |
0131F0h |
| |
|
E0 |
|
29 |
79744 |
013780h |
| |
|
E4 |
|
30 |
81168 |
013D10h |
| |
|
E9 |
|
31 |
82948 |
014404h |
| |
|
|
|
32 |
84108 |
01488Ch |
| |
|
|
|
33 |
86064 |
015030h |
| |
|
|
|
34 |
87368 |
015548h |
| |
|
|
|
35 |
89324 |
015CECh |
| |
|
|
|
36 |
90628 |
016204h |
| |
|
|
|
37 |
92584 |
0169A8h |
| |
|
|
|
38 |
94540 |
01714Ch |
| |
|
|
|
39 |
96496 |
0178F0h |
| |
|
|
|
40 |
97800 |
017E08h |
| |
|
|
|
41 |
99756 |
0185ACh |
| |
|
|
|
42 |
101712 |
018D50h |
| |
|
|
|
43 |
103668 |
0194F4h |
| |
|
|
|
44 |
105624 |
019C98h |
| |
|
|
|
45 |
107580 |
01A43Ch |
| |
|
|
|
46 |
110188 |
01AE6Ch |
| |
|
|
|
47 |
112144 |
01B610h |
| |
|
|
|
48 |
114100 |
01BDB4h |
| |
|
|
|
49 |
116056 |
01C558h |
| |
|
|
|
50 |
118664 |
01CF88h |
| |
|
|
|
51 |
120620 |
01D72Ch |
| |
|
|
|
52 |
123228 |
01E15Ch |
| |
|
|
|
53 |
125184 |
01E900h |
| |
|
|
|
54 |
127792 |
01F330h |
| |
|
|
|
55 |
130400 |
01FD60h |
| |
|
|
|
56 |
133008 |
020790h |
| |
|
|
|
57 |
135616 |
0211C0h |
| |
|
|
|
58 |
138224 |
021BF0h |
| |
|
|
|
59 |
140832 |
022620h |
| |
|
|
|
60 |
143440 |
023050h |
| |
|
|
|
61 |
146048 |
023A80h |
| |
|
|
|
62 |
148656 |
0244B0h |
| |
|
|
|
63 |
151916 |
02516Ch |
| |
|
|
|
64 |
153768 |
0258A8h |
| |
|
|
|
65 |
157344 |
0266A0h |
| |
|
|
|
66 |
159728 |
026FF0h |
| |
|
|
|
67 |
163304 |
027DE8h |
| |
|
|
|
68 |
165688 |
028738h |
| |
|
|
|
69 |
169264 |
029530h |
| |
|
|
|
70 |
172840 |
02A328h |
| |
|
|
|
71 |
176416 |
02B120h |
| |
|
|
|
72 |
178800 |
02BA70h |
| |
|
|
|
73 |
182376 |
02C868h |
| |
|
|
|
74 |
185952 |
02D660h |
| |
|
|
|
75 |
189528 |
02E458h |
| |
|
|
|
76 |
193104 |
02F250h |
| |
|
|
|
77 |
196680 |
030048h |
| |
|
|
|
78 |
201448 |
0312E8h |
| |
|
|
|
79 |
205024 |
0320E0h |
| |
|
|
|
80 |
208600 |
032ED8h |
| |
|
|
|
81 |
212176 |
033CD0h |
| |
|
|
|
82 |
216944 |
034F70h |
| |
|
|
|
83 |
220520 |
035D68h |
| |
|
|
|
84 |
225288 |
037008h |
| |
|
|
|
85 |
228864 |
037E00h |
| |
|
|
|
86 |
233632 |
0390A0h |
| |
|
|
|
87 |
238400 |
03A340h |
| |
|
|
|
88 |
243168 |
03B5E0h |
| |
|
|
|
89 |
247936 |
03C880h |
| |
|
|
|
90 |
252704 |
03DB20h |
| |
|
|
|
91 |
257472 |
03EDC0h |
| |
|
|
|
92 |
262240 |
040060h |
| |
|
|
|
93 |
267008 |
041300h |
| |
|
|
|
94 |
271776 |
0425A0h |
| |
|
|
|
95 |
277736 |
043CE8h |
| |
|
|
|
96 |
282768 |
045090h |
| |
|
|
|
97 |
289344 |
046A40h |
| |
|
|
|
98 |
293728 |
047B60h |
| |
|
|
|
99 |
300304 |
049510h |
| |
|
|
|
100 |
304688 |
04A630h |
| |
|
|
|
101 |
311264 |
04BFE0h |
| |
|
|
|
102 |
317840 |
04D990h |
| |
|
|
|
103 |
324416 |
04F340h |
| |
|
|
|
104 |
328800 |
050460h |
| |
|
|
|
105 |
335376 |
051E10h |
| |
|
|
|
106 |
341952 |
0537C0h |
| |
|
|
|
107 |
348528 |
055170h |
| |
|
|
|
108 |
355104 |
056B20h |
| |
|
|
|
109 |
361680 |
0584D0h |
| |
|
|
|
110 |
370448 |
05A710h |
| |
|
|
|
111 |
377024 |
05C0C0h |
| |
|
|
|
112 |
383600 |
05DA70h |
| |
|
|
|
113 |
390176 |
05F420h |
| |
|
|
|
114 |
398944 |
061660h |
| |
|
|
|
115 |
405520 |
063010h |
| |
|
|
|
116 |
414288 |
065250h |
| |
|
|
|
117 |
420864 |
066C00h |
| |
|
|
|
118 |
429632 |
068E40h |
| |
|
|
|
119 |
438400 |
06B080h |
| |
|
|
|
120 |
447168 |
06D2C0h |
| |
|
|
|
121 |
455936 |
06F500h |
| |
|
|
|
122 |
464704 |
071740h |
| |
|
|
|
123 |
473472 |
073980h |
| |
|
|
|
124 |
482240 |
075BC0h |
| |
|
|
|
125 |
491008 |
077E00h |
| |
|
|
|
126 |
499776 |
07A040h |
| |
|
|
|
127 |
510736 |
07CB10h |
| |
|
|
|
128 |
518064 |
07E7B0h |
| |
|
|
|
129 |
530112 |
0816C0h |
| |
|
|
|
130 |
538144 |
083620h |
| |
|
|
|
131 |
550192 |
086530h |
| |
|
|
|
132 |
558224 |
088490h |
| |
|
|
|
133 |
570272 |
08B3A0h |
| |
|
|
|
134 |
582320 |
08E2B0h |
| |
|
|
|
135 |
594368 |
0911C0h |
| |
|
|
|
136 |
602400 |
093120h |
| |
|
|
|
137 |
614448 |
096030h |
| |
|
|
|
138 |
626496 |
098F40h |
| |
|
|
|
139 |
638544 |
09BE50h |
| |
|
|
|
140 |
650592 |
09ED60h |
| |
|
|
|
141 |
662640 |
0A1C70h |
| |
|
|
|
142 |
678704 |
0A5B30h |
| |
|
|
|
143 |
690752 |
0A8A40h |
| |
|
|
|
144 |
702800 |
0AB950h |
| |
|
|
|
145 |
714848 |
0AE860h |
| |
|
|
|
146 |
730912 |
0B2720h |
| |
|
|
|
147 |
742960 |
0B5630h |
| |
|
|
|
148 |
759024 |
0B94F0h |
| |
|
|
|
149 |
771072 |
0BC400h |
| |
|
|
|
150 |
787136 |
0C02C0h |
| |
|
|
|
151 |
803200 |
0C4180h |
| |
|
|
|
152 |
819264 |
0C8040h |
| |
|
|
|
153 |
835328 |
0CBF00h |
| |
|
|
|
154 |
851392 |
0CFDC0h |
| |
|
|
|
155 |
867456 |
0D3C80h |
| |
|
|
|
156 |
883520 |
0D7B40h |
| |
|
|
|
157 |
899584 |
0DBA00h |
| |
|
|
|
158 |
915648 |
0DF8C0h |
| |
|
|
|
159 |
935728 |
0E4730h |
| |
|
|
|
160 |
949440 |
0E7CC0h |
| |
|
|
|
161 |
971520 |
0ED300h |
| |
|
|
|
162 |
986240 |
0F0C80h |
| |
|
|
|
163 |
1008320 |
0F62C0h |
| |
|
|
|
164 |
1023040 |
0F9C40h |
| |
|
|
|
165 |
1045120 |
0FF280h |
| |
|
|
|
166 |
1067200 |
1048C0h |
| |
|
|
|
167 |
1089280 |
109F00h |
| |
|
|
|
168 |
1104000 |
10D880h |
| |
|
|
|
169 |
1126080 |
112EC0h |
| |
|
|
|
170 |
1148160 |
118500h |
| |
|
|
|
171 |
1170240 |
11DB40h |
| |
|
|
|
172 |
1192320 |
123180h |
| |
|
|
|
173 |
1214400 |
1287C0h |
| |
|
|
|
174 |
1243840 |
12FAC0h |
| |
|
|
|
175 |
1265920 |
135100h |
| |
|
|
|
176 |
1288000 |
13A740h |
| |
|
|
|
177 |
1310080 |
13FD80h |
| |
|
|
|
178 |
1339520 |
147080h |
| |
|
|
|
179 |
1361600 |
14C6C0h |
| |
|
|
|
180 |
1391040 |
1539C0h |
| |
|
|
|
181 |
1413120 |
159000h |
| |
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1442560 |
160300h |
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1472000 |
167600h |
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1501440 |
16E900h |
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1530880 |
175C00h |
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1560320 |
17CF00h |
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1589760 |
184200h |
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1619200 |
18B500h |
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1648640 |
192800h |
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1678080 |
199B00h |
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1714880 |
1A2AC0h |
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1742016 |
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1850048 |
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1877056 |
1CA440h |
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1917568 |
1D4280h |
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1958080 |
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1998592 |
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2025600 |
1EE880h |
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2147136 |
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2187648 |
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2403712 |
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293600h |
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412C00h |
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44F600h |
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4693248 |
479D00h |
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48C000h |
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4A4400h |
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4ED000h |
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505400h |
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